Week in review 27.09 - 3.10: Who works the most in Europe, who might work less and who will be replaced by AI?

While Polish women and men are among the longest working nations in Europe, our western neighbors, the Germans, are testing a four-day work week. The specter of AI, which may force further changes, still hangs over the entire market. More on this topic in the next Digitized weekly review.

Week in review 27.09 - 3.10: Who works the most in Europe, who might work less and who will be replaced by AI?
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Summary

  • Poland's average work week exceeds 40 hours, surpassed only by Greece, Romania, and Bulgaria. Germany is testing a four-day work week in some companies, and new EU regulations and technologies may lead to changes in work hours.
  • The "Strong Women in IT 2023" report shows that 95% of women surveyed would choose a career in the IT industry again. Unpaid obligations by people aged 18 to 24 in Poland amounted to one billion zlotys at the end of July 2023.
  • Nearly 7.5 thousand companies in Poland opted for the Estonian CIT in 2022. The Polish Agency for Enterprise Development has announced a competition offering up to 66 million PLN to help entrepreneurs adapt to labor market changes.
  • A new law combating abuses in electronic communication came into effect in Poland on September 25, requiring operators to provide greater protection against smishing and spoofing.
  • Airbnb plans to use artificial intelligence to verify fake offers. The Norwegian Data Protection Authority accused Facebook and Instagram of violating laws on user data collection. Sony has been targeted by a cybercriminal group known as Ransomed.vc.
  • Metaphysic, the startup behind the viral deepfake of Tom Cruise, is advocating for legal protections against this technology. Meta is introducing a paid subscription for EU users of Facebook and Instagram.
  • Eutelsat Communications has completed a merger with OneWeb, creating the Eutelsat Group. Elon Musk's X Corp is facing a lawsuit from marketing agency X Social Media over alleged trademark infringement.
  • Robert J. Marks argues that claims about machines replacing humans and surpassing human intelligence are unlikely. In the context of AI in the labor market, soft skills are highlighted.
  • In event marketing, social media provides opportunities to promote events, engage the community in content creation, and collect valuable feedback.
  • Despite the ongoing war, Ukraine maintains the dynamics of its innovation sector. Data from the "IT Ukraine" Association reveals that 95% of domestic technology companies maintained their contracts in the first six months of the war. The IT industry recorded over 3.5 billion euros in profit from the export of its services and products during the same period.

From the Editorial Team

We spend most of our lives at work - this statement is especially true in Poland, where according to Eurostat, the average work week is over 40 hours. Only three other countries have exceeded this threshold: Greece, Romania and Bulgaria. The rest of the inhabitants of Europe not only clearly spend less time on professional activities, but also strive for even greater reduction of these numbers. For example, Germany, which has been testing a four-day work week in some of its companies since the end of September.

Currently, changes in this area seem inevitable. Their catalysts are new EU regulations and the spread of new technologies, led by artificial intelligence. The latter will cause the greatest revolution in the labor market in the coming years, but most likely differently than we expect. You can find more on this topic in the "Digitized Editorial Team recommends" section.

Welcome!


Weekly News Review

Labor Market in Poland and Europe

Hardworking like a Pole. Eurostat has published data on the average length of the work week

In 2022, the typical work week for people aged 20-64 in the European Union averaged 37.5 hours - according to the latest data published by the European statistical office Eurostat. However, there are clear differences between individual countries. The Dutch work the shortest hours in Europe (an average of 33.2 hours per week), followed by the Germans (35.3 hours) and Danes (35.4 hours). The longest work weeks were recorded in Greece (41 hours), Poland (40.4 hours), and Romania and Bulgaria (40.2 hours each). Only these four countries exceeded the threshold of 40 hours of work per week.

Germany is testing a four-day work week

Germany is planning an experiment with a four-day work week. 50 companies are already interested in the project. Participants will test the 100/80/100 employment system for 6 months. This work model means 100% salary and efficiency at 80% working time. The experiment is conducted by the NGO 4 Day Week Global, one of the most influential initiatives of 2023 from the TIME100 list. The idea is supported by the largest trade union in Germany and the world, the metalworkers' union IG Metall.

Gig workers in the sights of the European Parliament. What does this mean for customers?

Uber, Bolt, Pyszne or Glovo may disappear from Polish cities. All because of new regulations related to so-called gig workers, which the European Union wants to introduce. Kamil Leszczyński, CEO of Eternis, which provides temporary workers to Uber, Bolt and Glovo, believes that the new regulations will result in much higher costs. Companies will be forced either to offer workers lower wages to maintain current prices, which will cause mass departures, or to maintain current wages but raise the prices of their services.

Women in the IT industry in Poland and around the world. Strong Woman 2023 Report

Today, no one should be surprised by a woman leading a team in the IT industry. As the international report Strong Women in IT 2023 states, as many as 95 percent of surveyed women would choose a career in this industry again. The survey results indicate that experts from the IT sector would not only not change the industry if they had a choice, but they rate it very positively in most aspects. As many as 90% of respondents believe that they use all or almost all of their potential at work. At the same time, 96% of surveyed IT managers in corporations and 87% in startups claim that they strive to maintain a balance between work and private life.

Young people are drowning in debt. Official data from BIG

Obligations not paid on time by people aged 18 to 24 amounted to one billion zlotys at the end of July 2023 - according to data from the BIG InfoMonitor Debtors Register and the Credit Information Bureau's credit information database. The arrears increased by over 18 percent over the year. The number of unreliable debtors also increased by over 7 thousand.

Running a business in Poland

Polish companies are increasingly choosing Estonian CIT

Last year, almost 7.5 thousand companies chose the so-called Estonian CIT. Compared to 2021, there was an increase of almost 1.4 thousand percent. Most entities adopted this solution in January - last year over 5 thousand, and exactly a year earlier - below 400. In 2022, mainly limited liability companies took this step. Experts believe that the increase is due to the amendment of regulations. In practice, the Estonian CIT is a solution that, in the case of a significant part of taxpayers, may allow for the complete elimination of the obligation to pay income tax.

PARP supports Polish companies "in temporary difficulties". Up to 66 million PLN to be won

On October 2, a call for applications for the "Support for companies in periodic difficulties" competition was announced, the aim of which is to support entrepreneurs in adapting to changes in the labor market. The organizer of the competition is the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PFR Group), and the entire event will be financed from the European Funds for Social Development (EFSD). The aim of the announced call is to help entrepreneurs who are struggling with various problems, such as an economic crisis in the region, a decrease in demand for services or products offered by the company, loss of qualified employees or illness.

Security and privacy online

End of abuses in electronic communication. A new law has come into force

On September 25, a law on combating abuses in electronic communication came into force. The government thus wants to force operators to provide greater protection for citizens against smishing and spoofing. The new regulations should sort out a number of legal problems related to the high activity and creativity of cybercriminals. It is mainly about mass attacks involving impersonation of people and institutions: from phone calls, through SMS and emails. Telecommunication operators will be obliged to block such numbers and SMS messages.

Airbnb relies on artificial intelligence in the fight against fraudsters

The popular hosting platform Airbnb is struggling with a plague of fictitious offers. So far, 59 thousand fake ads have been removed from it, and another 157 thousand have been blocked before publication. Later this year, the company intends to use artificial intelligence for further verification of fake offers in the five most popular destinations, i.e. in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, France and Australia. Each property that passes the test positively will receive a "verified" icon on its offer from February. However, this is just the beginning of big changes. Verification of offers in the next thirty countries will start at the beginning of next year.

Norway wants to ban behavioral ads on Facebook throughout Europe

The Norwegian Data Protection Authority believes that Facebook and Instagram violate local and European law on user data collection. It's about behavioral data such as likes and shares of posts, visited websites and apps, GPS location, etc., which are later used to create detailed advertising profiles. According to the Norwegian office, such action is not only illegal under Norwegian law, but is also contrary to European law.

Sony the target of cybercriminals. Data put up for sale

Sony fell victim to a serious malicious software attack. The group responsible for the breaches known as Ransomed.vc announced its successes in compromising all Sony systems and expressed a decision to sell the data, as the company refused to pay the ransom. The hackers set the final deadline for meeting their financial demands on September 28. Despite the deadline passing, there are no reports of the blackmailers' next moves.

Metaphysic promotes tools protecting against deepfake

Metaphysic startup, the same one that created the viral deepfake featuring Tom Cruise, is now calling for a fight against this technology. Tom Graham, the company's founder, encourages everyone to legally protect their own AI-based doppelgangers. Thanks to the films featuring Cruise, Graham - a lawyer by profession - understood how dangerous for human rights is photorealistic, generative AI. Deepfake tools are widely available on the market, and digital recreations are becoming more powerful and terrifyingly realistic. That's why Graham believes that protections against potential criminals and registering your image in offices are necessary now.

Trivia

Subscription for Facebook and Instagram for EU users. Meta presented price thresholds

Meta joins such services as X and intends to earn on access to offered services. The social media giant will introduce a paid subscription, but only for EU users. According to Wall Street Journal it won't be cheap - access to one account on Facebook and Instagram will cost 14 euros. Each additional account is an expense of an additional 6 euros.

French response to Starlink. New player in the internet and satellite connections market

The French company Eutelsat Communications announced the completion of a merger with the British OneWeb, a global low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications network. The merger was approved by an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders in Paris. As a result of the transaction, the Eutelsat Group was established. The European satellite giant, which will be created after the merger of both companies, is set to become a rival for Elon Musk's - SpaceX. After the merger, the company is expected to generate about 1.2 billion dollars in revenue.

Elon Musk's X Corp sued by marketing agency for trademark infringement

Elon Musk's X Corp service (formerly Twitter) has to face a lawsuit concerning trademark. The marketing agency X Social Media accuses the social media giant of infringing its trademark.

Digitized Editorial recommends

Will AI come and eat us? About the future of work without panic and sensation

The development of artificial intelligence and the accompanying speculations about the revolution it is supposed to cause in the labor market make it difficult to look into the future with optimism. But is it justified? Digitization has affected the way we perceive ourselves and think about ourselves. It is popular to look for analogies: man as a natural computer, which will soon be "defeated" by powerful technology, far beyond human skills and capabilities.

Robert J. Marks, author of the book Non-computable you: What You Do That Artificial Intelligence Never Will. brilliantly deals with this style of thinking. The author himself is the creator of the field of computational intelligence, that part of artificial intelligence that has a real track record and realistic aspirations. He is therefore perfectly prepared to quench excessive excitement and track down nonsense that infects artificial intelligence when it moves from computer science to science fiction.

"People will soon be replaced by machines", "computers will match human intelligence, and then surpass it", "soon we will be uploading ourselves to digital media and achieve immortality" - Marks convincingly shows that all these claims are more unlikely than ancient myths and that in reality they constitute a religious confession for modern materialists.

You can read more about the future of work in the context of AI in Ewa Pawlik's article.


Communication and message. How to talk to understand and be understood?

In the context of AI in the labor market, soft skills, which primarily distinguish people from machines, come to the fore. Katarzyna Derka writes more about them in her text about communication styles.

Does ideal communication exist? What to do to make the message understood, but not received negatively? How often do you have to repeat requests and information to reach everyone they concern? How to minimize the risk of conflicts?

These questions are the daily life of most of those responsible for coordination, results and the work of others. However, it is certainly worth taking the time to understand and improve team management skills. Increased efficiency and productivity, engagement, easier relationship building, mutual satisfaction and of course what everyone is waiting for - joint success - await at the finish line.

Research published in February 2022 at the Harvard Division of Continuing Education emphasized the key role of leaders' communication style in effective team and organization management. However, to achieve this, it is necessary to understand what messages reach us
and which ones we repel.

We present four main communication styles: direct, functional, cooperative and influential. Which of them employees belong to may depend on their disposition, professional experience, private experiences, or the generation they belong to.


Are you reporting an event on social media? We advise how to do it well

Social media in event marketing is more than just a notice board. They not only provide the opportunity to promote the event, but can also engage the community in actively creating their own content related to the event. It is also a perfect opportunity to collect valuable feedback.

Stories published on Facebook and Instagram are the most engaging form of communication. They were created to be able to show what is happening on an ongoing basis, so they are the perfect tool to use in event marketing. Although they can only be viewed for 24 hours, they are an extremely important element of the message. They shorten the distance between the publisher and the observers. Event organizers should also pay attention to other positive aspects of this type of communication. What exactly?

More about this in the text by Monika Nowakowska.


Map of the European startup ecosystem: Ukraine

Last week, a new installment of the "Map of the European startup system" series also appeared on Digitized. This time we took a closer look at Ukraine, which despite the war still maintains the dynamics of its innovation sector.

According to data from the "IT Ukraine" Association, in the first six months of the war, 95% of domestic technology companies maintained their contracts. Meanwhile, analyses from the National Bank of Ukraine show that during the same period, the entire IT industry recorded over 3.5 billion euros in profit from the export of its services and products - 23% more compared to the same period in 2021. In the first 10 months of 2022, IT service exports increased by 9.9% compared to the previous year and brought in over 6 billion dollars in revenue. Moreover, during the war, two Ukrainian companies - airSlate and Unstoppable Domain  - joined the ranks of unicorns, i.e. companies valued at over a billion dollars.

– The development of innovation is one of our priorities – assured in a press statement Michajło Fiodorow, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Digital Transformation of Ukraine. – It is a way to develop the digital economy, increase GDP and strengthen our army. As part of the Seeds of Bravery program, we plan to help about two hundred Ukrainian startups. This is a chance for the development of our innovative community. We believe in the ability of our entrepreneurs to implement revolutionary ideas. That's why we are grateful to the European Innovation Council, which also sees this potential and gives a powerful impulse to the development of innovation in Ukraine – added Fiodorow.

Can Ukraine's DIY drones defeat Russia? - material from The Economist

A flourishing element of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is the development of the arms industry and innovations in defense. One of them are drones, the use of which may ultimately tip the scales of victory in favor of Ukraine. You can learn more about the drone revolution from the material of the magazine The Economist.